Nnmultiple myeloma pathogenesis pdf

Mm is preceded by an ageprogressive premalignant condition termed. Multiple myeloma mm is a plasma cell malignancy in which monoclonal plasma cells proliferate in bone marrow, resulting in an. First described in 1848, mm is characterized by a proliferation of malignant plasma cells and a subsequent overabundance of monoclonal paraprotein m protein. It is characterized by a multifocal proliferation of clonal, longlived plasma cells within the bone marrow bm and associated skeletal destruction, serum monoclonal gammopathy, immune suppression, and endorgan sequelae. It is characterized by a multifocal proliferation of clonal, long lived. Multiple myeloma is an incurable disease and, little is known about the genetic and molecular mechanism governing its pathogenesis 3. Leif bergsagel 2 1 genetics branch, center for cancer. Multiple myeloma mm is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by malignant proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. Mm begins as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance mgus, progresses to smoldering asymptomatic myeloma and finally becomes overt.

Multiple myeloma mm is a debilitating malignancy that is part of a spectrum of diseases ranging from monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance mgus to plasma cell leukemia. Learn more about the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, risk factors, and treatment of multiple myeloma. Pathogenesis beyond the cancer clones in multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is a heamatologic malignancy caused by clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells, associated with bone disease and hypercalcaemia as its primary metabolic complication. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangements and the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Pathophysiology and diagnosis of multiple myeloma jatin shah, md, explains that there is no clear reason for why patients develop multiple myeloma, and so theres no clear risk factor. Molecular pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and its premalignant precursor w. Genes localized to the copy number change regions are often. Jci molecular pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and its. Small molecules with big actions in multiple myeloma pathogenesis. Cell of origin and genetic alterations in the pathogenesis. A schematic of b cell differentiation, plasma cell development, and myelomagenesis. B is essential in mm pathogenesis and has been found to.

A unifying event in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma is the dysregulated expression of a cyclin d gene, either directly by juxtaposition to an immunoglobulin enhancer, as a result of ectopic expression of a maf family transcription factor, or indirectly by as yet unidentified mechanisms. The bone marrow contains stem cells that produce three types. Multiple myeloma is a clonal malignancy of terminally differentiated b lymphocytes characterized by the expansion of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow resulting in. Molecular pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and its premalignant. Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer that affects bone marrow, the spongy soft tissue that lies within the hollow centre of some bones. Multiple myeloma mm is an agedependent monoclonal tumor of bm plasma cells pcs. Multiple myeloma mm is the second most common blood cancer. Lightning bolts represent genetic mutations common in. Multiple myeloma mm is a neoplasm of postgerminal center, terminally differentiated b cells. The role of bone marrow microenvironment in mediating survival, proliferation, and resistance to therapy in myeloma is well established. Pathogenesis and treatments cliodhna browne tsmj issue 10 2009 30 abstract multiple myeloma is a clonal b cell malignancy involving terminally differentiated plasma cells. Failure of apoptosis, angiogenesis and bone marrow interaction with malignant cells. Although the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease have been clarified to a large extent, mm remains an incurable disease with low life expectancy. In the disease state, bone healing is limited owing to increased osteoclastic and decreased osteoblastic activity, as well as an mm.